Common Use

Valproic acid is used to treat convulsions, migraines, and bipolar disorder. The exact mechanisms of its action are unknown, but it is believed to increase levels of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain.

Dosage and Direction

Take Valproic acid exactly as prescribed by your doctor. Do not exceed the recommended dose.

• Initial dose: 10-15 mg/kg/day (Valproate sodium intravenous injection) divided into 4 doses, given every six hours.
• Maintenance dose: 30-60 mg/kg/day divided into four doses, given every six hours.

Valproate sodium injections should not be used for more than two weeks. Switch to oral valproate products as soon as possible.

Precautions

Valproic acid may cause rare but serious side effects:

• Liver failure: Most common in children under two years old, especially if taking multiple seizure medications or with brain diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, Huntington disease).
• Pancreatitis: Can occur suddenly, even after years of treatment. Seek immediate medical help for symptoms like stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, dark urine, clay-colored stools, or jaundice.
• Pregnancy risk: May cause birth defects; inform your doctor if pregnant or planning pregnancy.
• Mental health effects: May trigger suicidal thoughts, depression, or mood changes. Report any behavioral changes to your doctor.

Contraindications

Do not use Valproic acid if you have:

• Hypersensitivity to the medication.
• Urea cycle disorders.

Side Effects

Common side effects include:

• Gastrointestinal: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain.
• Neurological: Dizziness, tremors, blurred vision, memory issues.
• General: Fatigue, fever, weight loss, hair loss, infections.

Contact your doctor if side effects worsen or become bothersome.

Drug Interactions

Valproic acid interacts with:

• Anticonvulsants (phenytoin, carbamazepine, phenobarbital).
• Antibiotics (carbapenems, rifampin).
• Psychiatric medications (chlorpromazine, amitriptyline).
• Others: Aspirin, warfarin, antacids, lamotrigine, zidovudine.

Inform your doctor about all medications you take, including over-the-counter drugs.

Missed Dose

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. Skip it if it's almost time for the next dose. Never double the dose.

Overdose

Symptoms include severe drowsiness, heart block, or coma. Seek emergency help immediately.

Storage

Store at room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F) away from moisture, heat, and sunlight. Keep out of reach of children.

Disclaimer

This information is for general reference only and does not replace medical advice. Consult your healthcare provider for personalized guidance. We disclaim liability for any inaccuracies or outcomes from self-treatment.