Common use

Tropicamide is an anticholinergic eye drop used primarily to dilate the pupil (mydriasis) and temporarily paralyze the eye's focusing muscle (cycloplegia). It is commonly used before eye examinations, diagnostic procedures, or eye surgery to allow better visualization of the retina and other internal structures. By relaxing the muscles in the eye, tropicamide makes it easier for ophthalmologists to perform accurate evaluations. It is also used in some cases to treat certain inflammatory eye conditions.

Dosage and direction

Tropicamide is usually administered as 1 or 2 drops in the eye about 15-30 minutes before an eye exam. The dosage and frequency depend on the purpose of use and the patient's age and response.

• Wash hands before use
• Do not let the dropper touch the eye or other surfaces
• After applying, gently press on the tear duct for 1-2 minutes to minimize systemic absorption

Precautions

Before using tropicamide, inform your doctor if you have glaucoma (especially angle-closure type), allergies, or heart problems.

• It may cause temporary blurred vision and light sensitivity, so avoid driving or operating machinery until vision returns to normal
• Use with caution in infants, elderly patients, and those with Down syndrome
• Protective sunglasses may help reduce discomfort from dilated pupils

Contraindications

Tropicamide should not be used in patients with known hypersensitivity to tropicamide or similar drugs.

• Contraindicated in untreated narrow-angle glaucoma due to the risk of increased intraocular pressure
• Use in neonates and small children should be done with extreme caution
• Not intended for long-term or continuous use

Possible side effects

Common side effects of tropicamide include:

• Blurred vision
• Stinging or burning upon application
• Increased light sensitivity
• Eye redness

In some cases, systemic effects may occur such as dry mouth, headache, drowsiness, or increased heart rate, especially in young children. Rare but serious reactions include allergic reactions or acute glaucoma attack. Seek immediate medical help if severe eye pain or vision loss occurs.

Drug interactions

Although topical, tropicamide can interact with:

• Other anticholinergic medications
• Glaucoma treatments
• Drugs that affect the central nervous system

Combining with medications that increase intraocular pressure may worsen side effects. Always inform your healthcare provider about all prescription and nonprescription drugs you are using. Systemic absorption is low but still possible, especially in children.

Missed dose

Since tropicamide is often used as a single or occasional dose before procedures, missed doses are uncommon. If used for ongoing treatment:

• Apply the missed dose as soon as remembered
• Skip it if it's almost time for the next one
• Never use extra drops to compensate
• Follow the prescribed schedule carefully

Overdose

Overuse or accidental ingestion of tropicamide, especially in children, may cause:

• Restlessness
• Dry skin
• Hallucinations
• Fast heartbeat
• Seizures

Eye overdose may lead to prolonged dilation or increased intraocular pressure. Emergency medical attention is required if systemic symptoms occur. Store the medication safely to avoid accidental exposure.

Storage

Tropicamide should be stored following these guidelines:

• Keep at room temperature (15°C to 25°C / 59°F to 77°F)
• Avoid light and moisture
• Keep the bottle tightly closed and upright
• Do not freeze
• Discard if the solution changes color or becomes cloudy
• Keep out of reach of children and pets

Disclaimer

We provide only general information about medications which does not cover all directions, possible drug interactions, or precautions. Information at the site cannot be used for self-treatment and self-diagnosis. Any specific instructions for a particular patient should be agreed with your healthcare adviser or doctor in charge of the case. We disclaim reliability of this information and mistakes it could contain. We are not responsible for any direct, indirect, special or other indirect damage as a result of any use of the information on this site and also for consequences of self-treatment.