Common Use

Glucophage is an oral diabetes medicine used to treat type 2 diabetes. Its active substance is Metformin, which belongs to the biguanide class of substances. It works by:

• Reducing glucose production in the liver
• Decreasing absorption of glucose from the intestines
• Improving insulin sensitivity in the body's tissues

Glucophage helps stabilize or reduce body weight. It requires insulin to be present in the blood for therapeutic effects and does not typically cause hypoglycemia. This medication is prescribed for adults with type 2 diabetes, including cases where sulfonylurea treatment has been ineffective, particularly for patients with obesity.

Dosage and Directions

Follow your doctor's prescription exactly. Never exceed the recommended dose.

• Take with meals unless directed otherwise
• Typical starting dose: 500 mg twice daily or 850 mg once daily
• Maximum daily dose: 2550 mg (divided into three doses)

Your doctor may adjust your dose based on blood glucose levels.

Precautions

Glucophage may cause serious side effects requiring immediate medical attention:

Lactic Acidosis Warning Signs:

• Unusual muscle pain
• Difficulty breathing
• Stomach pain with nausea
• Dizziness or weakness
• Slow or irregular heartbeat

Hypoglycemia Symptoms:

• Hunger
• Confusion
• Headache
• Rapid heartbeat
• Sweating

Avoid alcohol while taking this medication.

Contraindications

Do not use Glucophage if you have:

• Kidney or liver disease
• Heart failure
• Diabetic ketoacidosis
• History of lactic acidosis
• Severe infection or dehydration

Additional restrictions:

• Not recommended during pregnancy or breastfeeding
• Avoid before surgical procedures or imaging tests
• Not for patients over 60 or those doing heavy physical labor

Side Effects

Common side effects that may require medical attention:

• Digestive issues (nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite)
• Unexpected weight changes
• Allergic reactions (rash, swelling)
• Symptoms of lactic acidosis or hypoglycemia

Drug Interactions

Glucophage may interact with:

• Cimetidine (increases Metformin levels)
• Blood thinners (increased risk of bleeding)
• Diuretics (may affect sugar control)
• Steroids and thyroid medications (may reduce effectiveness)

Alcohol increases the risk of lactic acidosis.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose:

1. Take it as soon as you remember
2. Skip if close to the next scheduled dose
3. Never take double doses
4. Resume regular schedule the next day

Overdose

Overdose symptoms resemble low blood sugar:

• Confusion
• Weakness
• Rapid heartbeat
• Sweating
• Seizures

Seek emergency medical help immediately if overdose is suspected.

Storage

• Keep at room temperature (20-25°C or 68-77°F)
• Protect from moisture and heat
• Keep away from children
• Do not store in bathrooms

Disclaimer

This information provides a general overview of Glucophage but does not cover all possible uses, warnings, or interactions. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized medical advice. This content should not be used for self-diagnosis or treatment modification. The accuracy of this information cannot be guaranteed, and users assume full responsibility for any application of this content.