Efavirenz: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, and Precautions

Common Use

Efavirenz is an antiviral medication used to treat HIV/AIDS or prevent its progression in individuals exposed to HIV through sexual contact, needle injuries, or contact with infected materials. It belongs to the class of reverse transcriptase inhibitors, blocking viral DNA synthesis.

Dosage and Direction

The recommended dosage for Efavirenz is:

• Adults: 600 mg once daily.
• Children (weight-based dosing):
• 13-15 kg: 200 mg
• 15-20 kg: 250 mg
• 20-25 kg: 300 mg
• 25-32.5 kg: 350 mg
• 32.5-40 kg: 400 mg
• Over 40 kg: 600 mg (same as adult dose)

Take the medication before bedtime for the first two weeks.

Precautions

Consult your doctor before use if you have:

• Liver or kidney disease
• History of alcohol/drug addiction
• Encephalopathy
• High cholesterol or triglycerides
• Hepatitis B or C
• Previous use of delavirdine or nevirapine without improvement

Not recommended for children under 3 years or under 13 kg. Use effective contraception, as Efavirenz may harm unborn babies.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to Efavirenz
• Pregnancy or breastfeeding

Side Effects

Seek immediate medical help if you experience:

• Hallucinations or confusion
• Suicidal thoughts or severe depression
• Aggression or extreme fear
• Unusual behavior

Drug Interactions

Avoid or use caution with:

• Indinavir, saquinavir (reduced effectiveness)
• Alcohol (increased CNS effects)
• Astemizole, cisapride (risk of arrhythmia)
• Hormonal contraceptives (reduced efficacy)
• Ritonavir (increased side effects/hepatotoxicity)
• Clarithromycin, midazolam, triazolam (enhanced sedation)
• Phenobarbital (reduces Efavirenz concentration)
• Rifampin, rifabutin (not recommended)
• Pimozide, ergot medications (dangerous interactions)

Missed Dose

Take the missed dose as soon as remembered, unless close to the next scheduled dose. Never double the dose.

Overdose

Symptoms may include muscle twitching. Seek emergency medical attention.

Storage

• Store at 20-25°C (68-77°F)
• Protect from moisture, heat, and sunlight
• Keep away from children and bathrooms

Disclaimer

This information is for general guidance only and does not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations. We disclaim liability for any inaccuracies or consequences from self-treatment.