Common use

Dolutegravir is an antiretroviral medication used to treat HIV-1 infection in adults and children over a certain age or weight. It belongs to the class of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs), which block the virus from integrating its genetic material into human cells. Dolutegravir is typically used in combination with other antiretroviral drugs as part of HIV combination therapy. It helps reduce the amount of HIV in the body, allowing the immune system to recover and function better.

Dosage and direction

The standard adult dose is 50 mg once daily, either alone or in combination with other antiretrovirals, depending on treatment history and resistance profile. In some cases, such as when co-administered with enzyme-inducing drugs, the dosage may be increased to twice daily. Dolutegravir can be taken with or without food. Always follow your healthcare provider's instructions precisely.

Precautions

• Inform your doctor if you have liver disease, hepatitis B or C
• Discuss pregnancy plans with your doctor due to potential neural tube defects
• May increase blood sugar or liver enzymes in some patients
• Regular monitoring of viral load, liver function, and kidney function is recommended

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to dolutegravir or its components
• Should not be used with dofetilide due to serious side effect risks
• Caution required for patients with severe hepatic impairment
• Consult your doctor before combining with other medications

Possible side effects

• Common: insomnia, headache, nausea, fatigue
• Possible: increased liver enzymes, rash, changes in body fat distribution
• Rare but serious: allergic reactions, liver toxicity, mood changes including depression
• Report any unusual symptoms to your doctor immediately

Drug interactions

• Antacids, iron and calcium supplements reduce absorption (take 2 hours before or 6 hours after)
• Interacts with metformin, rifampin, and efavirenz - may require dose adjustments
• Always disclose all medications and supplements to your healthcare provider

Missed dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember, unless it's almost time for the next dose. Skip the missed dose if closer to the next scheduled dose - do not take a double dose. Consistent daily use is essential to maintain viral suppression. Set reminders to help maintain adherence.

Overdose

Overdose is rare but may cause increased side effects such as nausea, fatigue, or dizziness. There is no specific antidote - treatment is supportive care. If overdose is suspected, seek medical attention immediately. Dialysis is unlikely to be effective.

Storage

• Store at room temperature (20°C to 25°C / 68°F to 77°F)
• Keep in dry place away from heat and moisture
• Store in original container
• Keep out of children's reach
• Do not use after expiration date

Disclaimer

This information provides general medication guidelines that do not cover all usage directions, possible drug interactions, or precautions. The content should never be used for self-treatment or self-diagnosis. Always consult your healthcare provider for patient-specific instructions. While we strive for accuracy, we cannot guarantee error-free information and assume no liability for any consequences resulting from the use of this content or self-treatment practices.