Common use

Cyclophosphamide is a cytotoxic drug used in cancer treatment. The active substance, cyclophosphamide, is metabolized in the liver by cytochrome P450 into two active compounds: acrolein and phosphoramide. These compounds slow cancer cell growth by inhibiting proliferation and metabolism, primarily affecting rapidly dividing cells but also causing damage to healthy cells, leading to serious side effects. Cyclophosphamide also has immunosuppressive properties.

This medication is used to treat:

• Malignant lymphoma (lymphocytic lymphoma, histiocytic lymphoma, Hodgkin's disease, Burkitt lymphoma, mixed-type lymphoma)
• Multiple myeloma
• Leukemias (lymphocytic leukemia, granulocytic leukemia, myelocytic leukemia, childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia)
• Neuroblastoma
• Ovarian adenocarcinoma
• Retinoblastoma
• Breast carcinoma

Dosage and direction

For adults and children:

• Intravenous administration: 40-50 mg/kg divided over 3-5 days
• Oral administration: 1-5 mg/kg daily

Dosage should be adjusted based on regular white blood cell count tests. This medication can be taken with or without food.

Precautions

Use cautiously in patients with:

• Myelosuppression
• Liver or kidney disorders
• Previous radiation or chemotherapy

Regular monitoring of blood and urine tests (checking for red blood cells) is required during treatment. Women of childbearing age should use reliable contraception while taking cyclophosphamide.

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to cyclophosphamide
• Severe myelosuppression

Side effects

Potential side effects include:

• Increased susceptibility to infections
• Development of secondary cancers (particularly bladder, lymph nodes, or bone marrow)

Secondary cancers may develop years after treatment.

Drug interactions

Inform your doctor before taking cyclophosphamide with:

• Other anticancer drugs (doxorubicin)
• Allopurinol
• Phenobarbital

Patients with removed adrenal glands may need dosage adjustments for steroid hormones when taken with cyclophosphamide.

Missed dose

If you miss a dose:

• Take it as soon as you remember unless it's almost time for your next dose
• Never take double doses
• Resume your regular dosing schedule the next day

Overdose

Symptoms of overdose are not typically expected. However, if you suspect an overdose, contact your doctor immediately.

Storage

Storage instructions:

• Room temperature (20-25°C / 68-77°F)
• Protect from heat, moisture, and sunlight
• Keep out of children's reach
• Avoid bathroom storage

Disclaimer

This information provides general medication guidelines and does not cover all possible directions, drug interactions, or precautions. Never use this information for self-diagnosis or self-treatment. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized medical advice. We cannot guarantee the accuracy or completeness of this information and are not responsible for any consequences resulting from its use.